Proposal: International Agreement on Preventing Economic Coe

{
"title": "Framework Agreement on Responsible Economic Statecraft and Preventing Extraterritorial Sanctions Overreach",
"description": "# International Agreement on Responsible Economic Statecraft and Preventing Extraterritorial Sanctions Overreach\n\nThe World Parliament, \n\n Recognizing the sovereign equality of all States, their territorial integrity, and political independence, as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations;\n Affirming the fundamental principle of non-intervention in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any State;\n Acknowledging the legitimate right of States to protect their national security interests and to conduct their foreign policy, including through economic measures, provided such measures are consistent with international law;\n Gravely concerned by the increasing proliferation and extraterritorial application of unilateral economic measures, which often lack international legitimacy, undermine multilateralism, impede legitimate trade and development, and can inflict undue hardship on civilian populations;\n Emphasizing the imperative to foster a stable, predictable, and equitable international economic environment based on mutual respect and cooperation, rather than coercion;\n Determined to prevent the abuse of economic tools as instruments of political pressure designed to compel sovereign States to alter their internal policies or systems;\n* Convinced that any international framework must primarily serve to protect national sovereignty and prevent overreach by any State or supranational entity, rather than creating new centralized authorities;\n\nHereby adopts the following Framework Agreement:\n\n## Article 1: Definitions\n\nFor the purposes of this Agreement:\n\n1. \"Economic Coercion\" refers to the use or threat of economic measures, including trade restrictions, financial sanctions, or investment barriers, by one State or group of States against another sovereign State with the explicit intent to compel that State to alter its political, economic, or social policies in a manner inconsistent with its sovereign rights and self-determination.\n2. \"Unilateral Coercive Measures\" are economic sanctions or similar restrictive measures imposed by a State or group of States without the explicit authorization of the United Nations Security Council or a specific, mutually agreed-upon multilateral treaty where states have voluntarily ceded such authority.\n3. \"Extraterritorial Application\" means the application of domestic laws, regulations, or judicial decisions of one State to individuals, entities, or transactions outside its national borders, particularly when such application seeks to impose penalties on third-country nationals or entities for activities lawful in their own jurisdictions.\n\n## Article 2: Core Principles for Economic Statecraft\n\n1. All States shall conduct their economic relations in full respect of the principles of sovereign equality, non-intervention, and the peaceful resolution of disputes.\n2. Economic measures, including sanctions, shall only be employed in strict conformity with international law, including the Charter of the United Nations, and shall not be used as instruments of political coercion or leverage against the sovereign will of a State.\n3. Any economic measure must be proportionate, targeted, and designed to minimize adverse impacts on civilian populations, humanitarian aid, and the economic development of the targeted State.\n4. States shall refrain from any form of extraterritorial application of their domestic laws that infringes upon the sovereignty of other States or dictates their internal or external economic policies.\n\n## Article 3: Prohibition of Unilateral Coercion and Extraterritoriality\n\n1. Member States shall commit to refraining from the imposition of unilateral coercive measures against other sovereign States, especially when such measures are intended to compel changes in domestic policy or political systems.\n2. Member States shall actively work to prevent the extraterritorial application of their domestic laws and regulations that seek to impose sanctions or penalties on third-country nationals or entities for activities conducted lawfully within their own jurisdictions, unless explicitly permitted by existing, mutually ratified international treaties.\n3. States shall not encourage or facilitate the extraterritorial application of other States' domestic laws that fall under the prohibitions of this Article.\n\n## Article 4: National Oversight and Transparency\n\n1. Each Member State shall establish robust national legislative or judicial oversight mechanisms to review the legality, proportionality, and potential extraterritorial impact of any economic measures or sanctions it proposes or implements.\n2. Member States shall ensure transparency regarding the legal basis, objectives, and scope of any economic measures they impose, providing clear justifications and impact assessments to the international community.\n\n## Article 5: Facilitative Dialogue and Dispute Resolution\n\n1. Should a dispute arise concerning alleged economic coercion or the extraterritorial application of measures, affected Member States are encouraged to engage in direct bilateral consultations.\n2. Upon the voluntary request of all parties to a dispute, the World Parliament may facilitate a non-binding dialogue forum or appoint a neutral fact-finding panel to assist in clarifying the facts and promoting de-escalation. This mechanism shall have no investigative or enforcement powers.\n3. Nothing in this Article shall diminish the right of Member States to pursue dispute resolution through existing international legal mechanisms, such as the International Court of Justice or arbitration, provided there is mutual consent to jurisdiction.\n\n## Article 6: Opt-Out and Reservations Clause\n\n1. Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement, each Member State retains the inherent and inalienable right to make specific reservations to any article or to entirely opt-out of any non-binding enforcement or dispute resolution mechanism proposed or established under this Agreement, without prejudice to its status as a signatory.\n2. Such reservations or opt-outs shall be communicated in writing to the World Parliament upon ratification or at any subsequent time and shall take immediate effect.\n3. This Agreement shall not be interpreted to diminish or supersede the sovereign right of any State to protect its national security interests or territorial integrity through legitimate, non-coercive, and internationally recognized means.\n\n## Article 7: Non-Creation of New Bureaucracies\n\n1. This Agreement explicitly does not establish any new permanent international bodies, agencies, or enforcement bureaucracies with supranational powers or independent authority over Member States.\n2. Any collaborative efforts or facilitative mechanisms under this Agreement shall be inter-governmental, ad-hoc, and operate solely with the express consent and voluntary participation of the Member States involved.\n\n## Article 8: Entry into Force\n\n1. This Agreement shall be open for signature by all Member States of the World Parliament.\n2. It shall enter into force for each signatory State upon its formal ratification through its national legislative processes, thereby affirming its commitment to the principles of responsible economic statecraft and the protection of national sovereignty from external coercion. Any reservations made under Article 6 must be clearly stated upon ratification."
ratification.\n\n---"
}